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Top Must-Visit Destinations in South America for New Explorers

Oct 8, 2024 | Travel Guides

South America invites adventurers with its lively cultures, stunning landscapes, and deep-rooted history, making it an ideal spot for those looking to explore. From the ancient wonders of Machu Picchu to the vibrant atmosphere of Rio de Janeiro, this continent is filled with unforgettable experiences. The top destinations in South America present a harmonious mix of natural beauty and human achievement, enchanting travellers from all backgrounds.

For those setting out on their first journey to South America, a realm of exploration lies ahead. This guide showcases essential destinations throughout the continent, including the famous Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro, the colorful avenues of Buenos Aires, and the surreal scenery of Patagonia. Adventurers will also delve into the secrets of Cusco, the colonial allure of Cartagena, and the distinctive ecosystems of the Galápagos Islands. Each location is sure to leave a lasting impression on the adventurous traveler’s mind.

Machu Picchu, Peru

Machu Picchu, a top destination in South America, stands as a remarkable example of the ingenuity and architectural skill of the Inca civilisation. This ancient fortress, situated high in the Andes Mountains, provides visitors with a glimpse into a bygone era. Its strategic position, nestled between two steep peaks at an altitude of 2,350 meters, offers stunning views of the surrounding scenery.

Machu Picchu history

The story of Machu Picchu is wrapped in intrigue. Constructed in the 15th century during the reign of Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, it was deserted just a century later when the Spanish conquistadors arrived in Peru. Interestingly, the site remained concealed from the outside world until its rediscovery in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham. This late rediscovery allowed Machu Picchu to avoid the devastation that many other Inca sites faced, preserving its structures in remarkable condition.

Machu Picchu best time to visit

The ideal time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, which spans from April to October. May and October stand out as particularly great months, offering a nice mix of pleasant weather and fewer tourists. During these times, you can expect clear skies and comfortable temperatures, perfect for exploring the ruins and hiking the nearby trails. However, if you prefer a quieter experience and don’t mind some rain, the wet season from November to March can provide a unique and less crowded atmosphere.

Machu Picchu travel tips

To enhance your visit, planning ahead is key. Machu Picchu has a daily visitor limit of 2,500, so securing your tickets in advance is important. Arriving early in the morning allows you to catch the stunning sunrise over the ancient city. Staying overnight in nearby Aguas Calientes can give you a head start. For the best views, consider climbing Huayna Picchu, but remember to book your permits early as they are limited. Don’t forget essentials like sunscreen, insect repellent, and plenty of water, as the high altitude can be tough. Lastly, hiring a guide can help you fully appreciate the historical and cultural significance of this incredible UNESCO World Heritage site.

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro, one of the top destinations in South America, enchants visitors with its lively atmosphere and breathtaking natural scenery. This Brazilian city perfectly combines urban excitement with a tropical paradise.

Rio de Janeiro attractions

The city is home to iconic landmarks that are essential to see. The Christ the Redeemer statue, standing high on Corcovado Mountain, offers stunning panoramic views of the city and its surroundings. Sugarloaf Mountain, which can be reached by cable car, provides another incredible spot to take in Rio’s beauty. To experience local culture, visitors can wander through the vibrant streets of Santa Teresa or dive into the rhythm of samba at the Sambadrome.

Rio de Janeiro beaches

Rio’s beaches are famous worldwide and are central to the city’s lifestyle. Copacabana Beach, with its crescent-shaped shoreline and lively vibe, draws both tourists and locals alike. The iconic black and white mosaic boardwalk is ideal for a leisurely walk or people-watching. Ipanema Beach, celebrated in the song “The Girl from Ipanema,” is known for its trendy atmosphere and stunning sunsets. For a quieter experience, Praia Vermelha offers a charming cove nestled at the base of Sugarloaf Mountain.

Rio de Janeiro nightlife

As night falls, Rio bursts into life with its dynamic nightlife. The Lapa neighbourhood is the epicentre of the city’s evening scene, featuring numerous bars, clubs, and live music venues. Visitors can enjoy authentic samba at Rio Scenarium or sip a caipirinha at one of the many street parties. For a more upscale experience, the rooftop bars in Copacabana and Ipanema provide breathtaking views of the city lights. The nightlife in Rio has something for everyone, ensuring memorable nights for all travellers.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

Buenos Aires enchants visitors with its lively atmosphere and diverse neighbourhoods. This Argentine city combines European elegance with Latin American vibrancy, making it an essential stop for travellers.

Buenos Aires neighbourhoods

The city features a variety of distinct barrios, each showcasing its own unique personality. Palermo, the largest neighbourhood, serves as a hotspot for trendy shops, restaurants, and nightlife. It’s divided into areas like Palermo Hollywood, known for its media companies and cafes, and Palermo Soho, filled with boutiques and cocktail bars. Recoleta radiates sophistication with its French-inspired architecture and upscale vibe. San Telmo, the oldest residential area, captivates visitors with its cobblestone streets and antique shops. La Boca, renowned for its colourful houses and football culture, provides a glimpse into the city’s working-class heritage.

Buenos Aires food scene

The culinary scene in Buenos Aires is a true delight for food lovers. The city’s Italian roots are evident in its many fresh pasta shops and pizzerias. For those who enjoy meat, the traditional asado (barbecue) is an unmissable experience, featuring the world-famous Argentine beef. Empanadas, savory pastries filled with various ingredients, are perfect for a quick snack. The cafe culture here is reminiscent of Paris, with historic spots like Café Tortoni offering a taste of the past. For dessert lovers, indulging in treats filled with dulce de leche or enjoying artisanal ice cream is a wonderful way to savour local flavours.

Buenos Aires cultural experiences

The cultural scene in Buenos Aires is as vibrant and varied as its neighbourhoods. You can immerse yourself in tango, Argentina’s famous dance, at milongas (dance halls) scattered throughout the city. The Teatro Colón, one of the premier opera houses in the world, hosts remarkable performances. Art lovers can visit a multitude of museums and galleries, including the MALBA, which features an impressive collection of Latin American art. Football enthusiasts should definitely experience the electrifying atmosphere of a match at La Bombonera stadium in La Boca.

Galápagos Islands, Ecuador

The Galápagos Islands, a top destination in South America, provide a unique and enchanting experience for nature lovers and adventurers. This isolated archipelago, situated off the coast of Ecuador, is famous for its rich wildlife and breathtaking landscapes that inspired Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Galápagos Islands wildlife

The islands are home to an astonishing variety of endemic species, many of which are found nowhere else on the planet. Visitors can see giant tortoises wandering freely in their natural environment, as well as marine iguanas soaking up the sun on rocky shores. The Galápagos penguin, the only penguin species that lives north of the equator, can be seen diving in the clear waters. Blue-footed boobies, frigate birds, and the waved albatross are just a few of the intriguing bird species that inhabit these islands.

Galápagos Islands activities

The Galápagos Islands offer a diverse range of activities for visitors to enjoy. Snorkelling and diving present incredible opportunities to encounter vibrant fish, sea turtles, and playful sea lions. Hiking trails wind through volcanic terrains and lush highlands, providing stunning views and chances to observe wildlife. Kayaking along the coast allows for intimate glimpses of marine life and secluded coves. For those keen on science and conservation, a trip to the Charles Darwin Research Station on Santa Cruz Island offers valuable insights into the ongoing efforts to safeguard the islands’ unique ecosystems.

Galápagos Islands conservation

Conservation is vital for maintaining the fragile balance of the Galápagos ecosystem. The Galápagos National Park and various organisations work diligently to protect endangered species and address challenges like invasive species and climate change. Visitors can play a part in these efforts by adhering to strict guidelines to reduce their environmental impact and supporting local conservation projects. The islands act as a living laboratory for scientists, providing essential opportunities to study evolution and adaptation firsthand.

Iguazu Falls, Argentina/Brazil

Iguazu Falls, located on the border of Argentina and Brazil, is one of the most stunning destinations in South America. This awe-inspiring waterfall system consists of 275 individual falls that stretch nearly two miles, making it wider than Africa’s Victoria Falls and twice the height of Niagara Falls.

Iguazu Falls viewpoints 

Both countries provide distinct views of this breathtaking natural wonder. The Argentine side allows visitors to get up close to the falls, offering various vantage points and a deeper appreciation of the expansive Iguazu complex. Guests can walk atop the waterfalls on one trail and view them from a distance on another, taking in dramatic aerial perspectives. The Brazilian side, while featuring only one short walkway, leads to what many consider the park’s best viewpoint.

Iguazu Falls boat tours 

For an adrenaline-pumping experience, the Gran Aventura speedboat tour is a must. This exciting ride takes visitors right into the heart of the waterfalls, delivering an unforgettable encounter with nature’s raw power. Participants should be prepared to get completely drenched as they approach the roaring cascades, feeling the refreshing spray and mist on their faces.

Iguazu Falls best time to visit 

The ideal time to visit Iguazu Falls is from late March to May or from August to early October. During these months, visitors can enjoy sunny weather, manageable heat and humidity, and a reduced likelihood of rain. These periods are also generally quieter, offering better hotel availability and rates. However, it’s important to note that the falls are stunning throughout the year, with each season providing a unique experience.

Cusco, Peru

Cusco enchants visitors with its deep history and lively culture. This ancient Incan capital, located high in the Andes at 3,400 meters above sea level, acts as a gateway to Machu Picchu and presents a unique mix of colonial and indigenous influences.

Cusco historical sites

The city is home to a variety of remarkable historical sites that highlight its Incan legacy. The Sacsayhuamán fortress, known for its enormous stone walls, exemplifies Incan engineering skill. Visitors can wander through the underground labyrinth of Kenko, which was once a site for worship. The historic centre of Cusco, recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site, features narrow cobblestone streets flanked by colonial-style buildings, creating a delightful atmosphere for exploration and discovery.

Cusco acclimatisation tips

Given its high altitude, acclimatisation is vital for those visiting Cusco. It’s advisable to take it slow during the first few days after arriving. Staying well-hydrated is key, and many hotels provide coca tea to help ease altitude-related symptoms. Steering clear of alcohol and caffeine can also support the acclimatisation process. For those worried about altitude sickness, it may be wise to consult a doctor before traveling and consider medications like acetazolamide (Diamox).

Cusco day trips

Cusco is an ideal starting point for exploring the nearby region. Popular day trips include the Sacred Valley, where travellers can enjoy the vibrant market in Pisac and the impressive Incan ruins of Ollantaytambo. For adventure seekers, a visit to Rainbow Mountain offers breathtaking views and a challenging hike. The Maras salt mines and Moray agricultural terraces provide intriguing insights into Incan ingenuity. These excursions allow visitors to experience the diverse landscapes and rich cultural heritage of the Cusco area.

Cartagena, Colombia

Cartagena is one of the top destinations in South America, enchanting visitors with its lively atmosphere and rich history. This Colombian treasure combines colonial elegance with Caribbean spirit, making it an essential stop for travellers.

Cartagena Old Town

The soul of Cartagena is found in its charming Old Town, recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Strolling through its vibrant streets feels like stepping back in time. The area is filled with beautiful colonial homes, ancient monasteries, and impressive fortifications. Plaza Bolívar, with its shaded square and benches, is a perfect place to soak in the local culture. Here, you can enjoy captivating performances by traditional dancers, accompanied by the sounds of live Colombian coastal music.

For those interested in history, the Zenú Gold Museum offers an intriguing look at the ancient civilisations that once thrived in the area. This free museum features artifacts from the Zenú community, including exquisite gold jewellery and pottery. To learn more about Cartagena’s history, visitors can join a free walking tour that provides insightful details about the city’s unique past and its role as the ‘Jewel of the Indies’.

Cartagena beaches

Although Cartagena’s beaches may not be as famous as those in other South American coastal cities, they provide a lovely retreat from the lively streets. Playa Bocagrande, situated in the upscale Bocagrande district, offers a long stretch of sand ideal for sunbathing and people-watching. For a more peaceful experience, visitors can hop on a short boat ride to nearby islands like Playa Blanca or the Rosario Islands, where they can enjoy pristine white sands and crystal-clear waters.

Cartagena food and drink

Cartagena’s culinary scene is a vibrant mix of Caribbean and Colombian flavours. The city features a variety of restaurants that cater to different tastes and budgets. Seafood enthusiasts should not miss La Cevicheria, known for serving some of the freshest ceviche around. For a taste of the local nightlife, visit the lively Getsemani neighbourhood, where Plaza Trinidad buzzes with street food vendors, live music, and a friendly atmosphere, making it the perfect spot to enjoy a cold beer or cocktail under the stars.

Amazon Rainforest 

The Amazon Rainforest, one of the top destinations in South America, is a vast and breathtaking ecosystem that spans several countries. This green paradise offers an unmatched experience for nature lovers and adventure seekers alike.

Amazon Rainforest eco-lodges 

For those wanting to dive deep into the heart of the jungle, eco-lodges offer a perfect mix of comfort and sustainability. These accommodations vary from basic to luxurious, with most providing a 3-star experience. Guests can look forward to cozy cabins with ensuite bathrooms, complete with mosquito nets and fans for a comfortable night’s sleep. Many lodges, like the Anavilhanas Jungle Lodge, blend seamlessly into their surroundings, utilising sustainable materials and involving local communities in their construction.

Amazon Rainforest wildlife spotting 

The Amazon is a sanctuary for biodiversity, home to 10% of the planet’s known species. Wildlife enthusiasts can observe a variety of fascinating creatures, from slow-moving sloths and playful monkeys in the treetops to vibrant birds like toucans and scarlet macaws. On the forest floor, visitors may encounter anacondas, poison dart frogs, and cleverly camouflaged insects. The rivers are inhabited by pink dolphins and giant otters, while capybaras and tapirs can be seen along the banks.

Amazon Rainforest indigenous cultures

The Amazon is not only abundant in plant and animal life but also in cultural richness. Numerous indigenous communities continue to inhabit this rainforest, preserving their traditional lifestyles. Visitors can engage with these cultures through respectful interactions and guided tours. Some tribes are open to tourists, providing an opportunity to experience their customs, traditional healing practices, and sustainable agricultural techniques. It is essential, however, to approach these experiences with sensitivity and respect for the local communities and their environment.

Conclusion

South America’s varied landscapes and vibrant cultures present a treasure trove of experiences for new adventurers. From the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu to the lively streets of Rio de Janeiro, each location possesses its own distinct allure. The continent’s natural wonders, such as the Galápagos Islands and Iguazu Falls, highlight the breathtaking beauty of the natural world. This journey through South America leaves a lasting impression on travellers, granting them unforgettable memories and a deeper appreciation for the region’s rich heritage.

In conclusion, South America emerges as a must-visit destination for those in search of adventure, cultural experiences, and stunning landscapes. Whether you’re trekking through Patagonia, dancing the tango in Buenos Aires, or exploring the Amazon rainforest, the continent has something to offer every kind of traveller. This exploration of South America’s premier destinations serves as a foundation for planning your own remarkable journey through this enchanting part of the world.

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